The GAD-7 is a self-reported questionnaire for screening and severity measuring of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), copyrighted by Pfizer. GAD-7 has seven items, which measure severity of various signs of generalized anxiety disorder according to reported response categories of “not at all,” “several days,” “more than half the days,” and “nearly every day.” Assessment is indicated by the total score, which is made up by adding together the scores for all seven items.
© Pfizer Inc
Ref: Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB, et al A brief measure for assessing generalised anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Archives of Internal Medicine. 2006 May 22;166(10):1092-7.
The PHQ-9 is a self-report measure copyrighted by Pfizer Inc that is used as a screening and diagnostic tool for depression. It was designed for use in primary care settings It is scored by adding up the scores for each item to arrive at a total score. The clinical cut-off score is 10, where higher scores are indicative of depression, the higher the score the more intense the depression.
© Pfizer Inc
From the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders Patient Health Questionnaire (PRIME-MD PHQ). The PHQ was developed by Drs. Robert L. Spitzer, Janet B.W. Williams, Kurt Kroenke and colleagues. For research information, contact Dr. Spitzer at rls8@columbia.edu. PRIME-MD® is a trademark of Pfizer Inc. Copyright© 1999 Pfizer Inc. All rights reserved.
The Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) is a simple widely used 5-item measure of disability. It looks at how stress impacts on your work, home, and social life.
© Mundt
Ref: Mundt, J. C., I. M. Marks, et al. (2002). "The Work and Social Adjustment Scale: a simple measure of impairment in functioning." Br J Psychiatry 180: 461-4.
The Social Phobia Inventory (abbreviated as SPIN) is a 17-item questionnaire developed by the Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Department at Duke University. It is effective in screening for, and measuring the severity of social anxiety disorder.
© Connor
Ref: Connor, K.M. et al. (2000) Psychometric properties of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN): New Self-Rating Scale. British Journal of Psychiatry. 176, 279-386
The Outcome Rating Scale is an ultra-brief 4 item visual analogue scale that measures 4 domains; individual, interpersonal, social and overall, using 10cm lines in the paper version. Being quick to administer and score and with focus on more open areas rather than specific elements of distress it is ideal for use on a sessional basis in a wide variety of contexts.
Validation information
There is a wealth of information from many studies using ORS and SRS measures. See Scott Miller's blog for more information. Click here for an example paper.
© 2000, Scott D Miller & Barry L Duncan
